Take the Song Dynasty as an example. The urbanization rate in the Song Dynasty was really high, about 20%, and the number of urban residents was very large, which was much larger than that of establishing a separate household and setting up a separate special tax category.
The Northern Song Dynasty closed the city to direct management and levied taxes on these urban residents. The Song Dynasty created a tax model such as bridgehead tax, which can be described as refined management.
However, from the political center to the city to the vast countryside, the government’s control over the countryside is relatively rough
Because the financial situation is very tight, it is necessary to arrange more official posts to penetrate the official forces into the countryside, which is another huge expenditure for raising officials, and the court is unwilling to bear this.
Just go to the county.
Except for some county officials who are more conscientious and enterprising, most county officials are particularly close to the local people in terms of taxation. At other times, the local people really don’t want to see government officials hanging around here.
Generally speaking, there are large, medium and small landlords who control the land and tenancy, and naturally they are responsible for the management, and then they send people to dock with the large, medium and small landlords to manage the land and population through them and collect taxes through them.
Naturally, the possible amount of this part of the tax is not certain.
Moreover, in the face of such large, medium and small landlords who have certain influence, the government may be more polite because of certain interests.
However, the landlord agricultural areas without a certain scale belong to the yeoman areas. These areas are based on the fact that the county government directly sends people to the township to collect taxes, which means that it is more rude to collect taxes. It is hard to say what the local finances have, and they are the first to be unlucky.
It is a good thing not to be personally managed by the government.
Some squires may also know that hens can’t kill eggs, but they take eggs, and sprinkle rice to appease them a little, telling them to maintain a sustainable state of exhaustion and fishing, and the officials and petty officials don’t care about it
It is not uncommon for them to collect taxes again and again in order to complete the task. By the way, they can also get a sum of money when they do things for them. It is simply a pleasure for them.
They don’t care about sustainable development.
The need is indeed that although the emperor is not in his hometown, the ruling power of the imperial county government is definitely not weak, and it is definitely not a local rubber stamp
It seems that a county magistrate’s position is very low, and he is not good at it, and he has no power to be easily bullied by local squires. This is not the case. Actually, it is true that a county magistrate destroys his family and destroys his family.
Su Yonglin saw this kind of thing more often in the Southern Song Dynasty. He saw with his own eyes how some county officials who ruled places were rough and strong.
It is said that the emperor ruled the countryside, but in fact it means that the court is unwilling to formally set up the positions of officials and officials, and wants to save money for them to raise officials. However, there are not many counties, and there is no shortage of real [official] county decrees.
They are powerful and famous, and most of them are people who are willing to do things for him. They can gather 300 or 500 thugs at any time to suppress and impose taxes on the people who resist taxes. The means are quite harsh.
Su Yonglin also heard that some county magistrates can move thousands of people, and he can’t do things without him in the whole county.
Some landlords who are not long-sighted dare to provoke the county magistrate’s tiger beard because of their local power. As a result, the county magistrate has repeatedly imposed taxes and tried to find ways to collect money, and all kinds of stumbles have been tossed and ruined within two years.
Once the county magistrate gets mad and asks you not to be an institutional figure, it’s imminent to destroy your family. No one in a county can really compete with the county magistrate except some people behind it.
They sit in the county government and represent the imperial emperor, who can decide the life and death of a person and a family by moving his words and hair.
But this will also be accompanied by certain risks.
It doesn’t matter if these county magistrates are overbearing at ordinary times, but if they lose their "degree", they will really push people into a hurry. They will revolt in minutes and kill them in the county government. The first unlucky thing is the county magistrate.
The ruined county magistrate is not without risk.
Now these peasant associations will manage themselves, and farmers will be responsible for producing their own active taxes to the county government. Although it is inexplicable that the county government has a feeling of being left behind, it is not a bad thing anyway.
So these have long been "autonomous villages" in the county, and they just can’t provoke them.
During the war and the founding of the People’s Republic of China, these peasant associations were directly connected with Su Yonglin’s army, that is, the public directly belonged to Su Yonglin, and local officials regarded the emperor and the army as forbidden to touch them.
However, this does not mean that these peasant associations can continue to expand into the areas of government and gentry
Chapter 635 The landlord didn’t have any surplus food.
Su Yonglin asked the Fuxing Association to continue to expand and the form of organizational expansion was from the lowest level.
During the war, this method was mainly aimed at Jurchen landlords and the Guangfu Army, and it was only natural and fair for the Guangfu Army to deal with them.
But now that the country has established order and is slowly recovering, isn’t it a bit out of place to seize the government and the gentry to control the land, manpower and material resources by such means?
That will greatly affect the stability and unity of the empire and undermine the political stability of the empire, causing a large number of officials to pay attention and worry, and the Renaissance Association is obviously not ready to take over the state affairs and has no ability to take over the state administration.
Forcibly pushing forward the land reform will lead to imperial chaos and put the situation in the Central Plains, which has just stabilized, at risk.
However, the failure to continue the land reform and maintain the revolutionary nature of the Renaissance Association is also a great blow to the Renaissance Association.
The negative influence of Su Yonglin’s action policy of quickly overthrowing Jin Guo and quickly establishing an empire was finally reflected at this moment.
Some radical Renaissance members of the Central Committee initiated an inquiry to the senior officials of the Central Committee of the Renaissance Association on this issue, asking whether they had considered this issue.
Which is more important, the need of the renaissance revolution and the stability of the national political situation?
To tell you the truth, Su Yonglin is a little complaining about his earliest policy at this moment.
In order to overthrow Jin Guo quickly and seize the window period that can overthrow Jin Guo, he packed too much, which also made the revival meeting develop when there was not enough.
After all, he didn’t expect that the decadent national politics of Di Chin wouldn’t last for four years.
The empire was established, and he was almost established with great power. However, the strength of Fuxing Association was still weak, and the number of Fuxing members was still scarce, and the land reform in the Central Plains and Yanyun areas was curbed.
If he can lengthen his action, if the golden empire is not abolished so soon, if he can expand his membership on a large scale in the Southern Song Dynasty …
There are too many if Su Yonglin can regret and imagine.
But the truth is in front of him and he must not regret it.
Imagination is always beautiful and reality is always cruel. Now everything has been Su Yonglin’s best solution after overcoming all difficulties. There is no better solution than this.
At least he has mastered the highest power to do something.
"I know some of you are dissatisfied and think that our limited movement is due to too much noise, but I also hope you know that getting to this point is the best outcome we can achieve by persisting in our struggle."
Su Yonglin got up and made his own speech at the Central Meeting.
"our cause is the first time in China’s history and the new experiment of the ancients before. No one gives us reference. We can go step by step to find the optimal solution that we can do.
A temporary obstacle is inevitable. We have to put up with such a thing in building a country, but this does not mean that we will stop moving forward because of it. If we stop moving forward for such reasons, the revival will be meaningless. "
Su Yonglin expressed his attitude and came up with some seemingly more regular ways to help the Fuxing Association further expand its power.
"Except for the central region and Liaodong region, we can use the usual method to expand. His vast area has returned to normal order, and continuing to do things by the original means will cause unnecessary consequences, so our efforts will be the main point of our defeat."
Su Yonglin’s statement has aroused public discussion.
Tian Jue asked Su Yonglin, "What do you mean, Chairman?"
"They made me emperor not because they wanted me to protect their interests, but the emperor was not their puppet, and the emperor tried his best to force me to enforce some laws on a just excuse, so we had an opportunity to break the rules."
Su Yonglin sneered coldly, "For example, I can make and promulgate a law that the landowner should not extract more than 40% of the total grain harvested from the leased land."
Everyone listened to you and looked at me. I looked at you and was stuck.
Su Yonglin didn’t want to implement this policy on the spur of the moment, nor did he act unprepared.
Earlier, before he rebelled in the north, he sent Su Yin to Shandong, Hebei and other places to inspect the local folk customs.
At that time, in addition to some military information from Jin Jun, Su Yonglin also got a lot of information from Su Yin people, which gave Su Yonglin a deep understanding of some local folk customs.
For example, in some places in western Shandong at that time, Su Yin saw that the tenants protested against the landlords because the rent was too high, and even bloody conflicts caused the government to intervene.
He didn’t know how high the rent was, but when he asked, he realized that it was actually seven or three points
Seven landlords and three tenants
It is said that at that time, some parts of the Yellow River flooded some parts of Henan, causing local refugees to flee to Shandong and beg for food together.
When there are many people, there is a demand for work and food. The government ignores this and looks at them to die. The refugees can find their own way out without the help of the government and dare not rebel.
Therefore, there has been a situation in Shandong where the labor force exceeds demand.
Need less landlords and need more land.
So the original fifty-fifty agreement was broken.
Due to the large increase in labor force, the refined landlord immediately demanded that the tenant rent be divided into two parts from five to five, from four to six, from three to seven, and even from the unscrupulous landlord
In order to get land for farming and make a living, the refugees kept rolling up and down, and finally lost their bargaining power, and their interests were pushed to the extreme.
In the end, those who insisted on tenancy were driven away by landlords and accepted unfair treatment, and displaced people took their place.
A part of the refugees signed a tenancy agreement with a very low proportion, and since then the landlords, serfs and landlords have made a lot of money, and they have been sucking blood.
This will certainly solve the problem of eating for a while and make them live for a while, but it will be detrimental to the tenants in the long run.
